Neurological conditions are conditions that affect the brain, nerves and muscles. In children, they cover a wide range of diseases and disorders affecting the developing brain of the unborn or newborn child, traumatic and acquired brain injury in children and adolescents, and degenerative disorders that become apparent in childhood when gross motor milestones are not met or there is regression in already developed skills. Some of these conditions are relatively common, others are very rare. Some more commonly known conditions include cerebral palsy (CP); neuromuscular conditions, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA); developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and acquired brain injury (ABI).